![]() ![]() Once the System Monitor has launched, select the Processes button located in the toolbar to list the processes running on the system, as shown in Figure 37-1 below:įigure 37-6 Real-time System Monitoring with topĪs the chapter “An Overview of the Cockpit Web Interface” outlined, the Cockpit web interface can perform basic system monitoring. This tool can either be launched by searching for “System Monitor” within the desktop environment or from the command line as follows: $ gnome-system-monitor Code language: plaintext ( plaintext ) Process information may also be viewed via the System Monitor tool from the GNOME desktop. ![]() Below is part of the tree output for a ps -aH command execution: $ ps -aHĥ442 tty2 00:00:00 gnome-session-b Code language: plaintext ( plaintext ) To view the process tree, use the ps command and include the -H option. ![]() USER PID %CPU %MEM VSZ RSS TTY STAT START TIME COMMAND To list all processes and include information about process ownership, CPU, and memory use, execute the ps command with the -aux option: $ ps -aux To list all of the processes running on a system (including all user and system processes), execute the following command: $ ps -axġ ? Ss 0:22 /usr/lib/systemd/systemd rhgb -switched-rootĥ ? I< 0:00 Code language: plaintext ( plaintext ) $ kill -9 13217 Code language: plaintext ( plaintext ) This command sends a KILL signal which should cause even frozen processes to exit but does not give the process a chance to exit gracefully, possibly resulting in data loss: If the standard termination signal does not terminate the process, repeat the kill command with the -9 option. The advantage of ending a process with the TERM signal is that it allows the process to exit gracefully, potentially saving any data that might otherwise be lost. For example: $ kill 13217 Code language: plaintext ( plaintext ) Note that each process is assigned a unique process ID which can be used to stop the process by sending it a termination (TERM) signal via the kill command. To list the processes for a specific user, run ps with the -u flag followed by the user name: # ps -u john Learn more.ĩ850 pts/1 00:00:00 ps Code language: plaintext ( plaintext )Īs shown in the above output, the user is running processes related to the GNOME desktop, the shell session, the nano text editor, and the ps command. Buy the full book now in eBook ($24.99) format. You are reading a sample chapter from Ubuntu 22.04 Essentials. This command will list all running processes that are associated with the user regardless of where they are running (for example, processes running in other terminal windows): To list all active processes running for the current user, use the ps command with the -a flag. The output from the ps command shows that two user processes are running within the context of the current terminal window or command prompt session, the bash shell into which the command was entered, and the ps command itself. To obtain a list of active user processes you are currently running within the context of a single terminal or command-prompt session, use the ps command as follows: $ psġ3218 pts/1 00:00:00 ps Code language: plaintext ( plaintext ) For example, when you execute a command or launch an app, user processes are started, running until the associated task is completed. Managing ProcessesĮven when an Ubuntu system appears idle, many system processes will run silently in the background to keep the operating system functioning. This chapter will outline some tools and utilities that can be used to monitor system resources and processes on an Ubuntu system. This includes knowing how to inspect and manage the system and user processes running in the background. An essential part of running and administering an Ubuntu system involves monitoring the overall system health regarding memory, swap, storage, and processor usage. ![]()
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